Busting Some of the Myths of Attention

Comments

Thinking Better

Allison Lynn Sears

5/17/2010 2:53:26 PM

This is an excellent topic and one that is so needed today. I came across an interesting book: Thinking Better by David Lewis and James Greene, and David Lewis also wrote a book on: You Can Teach Your Child Inteligence. Both were dedicated to how the mind works, and how to retain information. Yes, Dr. Lewis had many similar theories to what Dr. Pashler had to say. Dr. Lewis did believe that retention was increased when the distances between learning and testing were short.

The book Thinking Better, is fascinating because it also covers about "thinking like a computer" and "thinking like a genius"! As far as retaining information faster he had sugested that we forget a great deal of information 5 minutes after a lecture or after a reading. To increase the retention, make mental notes of the key points, listing them out. Then 5 minutes after the session, review each point and review it. Then, 1 hour later, have another recall time. Relax and allow your mind to focus and repeat each point, Then do the same 3 hours later, then 6 hours later and then repeat everything just before you go to bed. Then 3-4 times on the 2nd and 3rd day, repeat the same recal procedure, spacing the sessions evenly throughout the day.

The best way to increase recall is to conjure up mental images associated with the key topic, remembering that your mind handles images that are vivid and unusual better than words, numbers, abstract concepts (pages 175-177). I hope that this will add to your knowledge since there are so many avenues to explore, and all needs to be addressed with an "open mind"! I do hope you look at the books written by David Lewis, because they are also chock full teaching examples of ways to take tests - especially IQ tests! Stretch your imagination and Stay Healthy.

spacing effects - algorith in Super Memo

Ewa A. Miendlarzewska

5/16/2010 2:59:52 PM

The effect of spacing information and timely repetitions on memory retention is nothing new and I'm surprised it is only now that this research is undertaken. An application utilizing this knowledge was invented by a Polish scientist, Dr Piotr Wozniak, who himself lives a knowledge and memory-friendly lifestyle. The application is called Super Memo and you can read all about its scientific basis as well as order and install it on your computer or palmtop: http://www.supermemo.com/articles/kowal.htm#Spacing%20effect. It is actually quite popular in Polish schools, and Dr Pashler also tested it: http://www.supermemo.com/english/news.htm

More on Pashler

Nicky Penttila

5/12/2010 8:07:19 PM

Great questions, Michael. Dr. Pashler's work is really interesting. I'm not sure that he would say there was one critical factor, but he did suggest that you need to know when you will take the test (or need to recall the information) and work back from there (so, for 6 months, around 28 days). He also mentioned that we often wish to remember something “forever,” so how do you decide what the delay between study sessions should be? Months, at least, he suggested. He’s working on longer “study gap” experiments.

Here’s an 11-min video of him speaking at a different conference that covers much of what he said at the recent conference: http://www.scivee.tv/node/6713 

Pashler Article: “Spacing Effects in Learning” http://www.pashler.com/Articles/Cepeda%20et%20al%202008_psychsci.pdf 

Pashler Article: “Enhancing learning and retarding forgetting: Choices and consequences” http://www.pashler.com/Articles/Pashler.Rohrer.Cepeda.Carpenter_2007.pdf

Hal Pashler's Research

Michael C. Patterson

5/12/2010 5:24:37 PM

Pashler's research on the timing of study sessions and testing is fascinating. I'm a bit confused, however, about how it works. What is the critical factor that improves optimal retention? The factors seem to be: a) the amount of time between first learning sessions and second learning sessions, and b) how soon after the second learning session students are tested. Did I understand that the optimum time between first and second learning is 28 days? Is that the critical factor. Or, is the critical factor when you schedule the test after the second learning session? Does Pashler have a theory about why these factors have the positive effect on retention?